feat: add SQLAlchemy declarative base, Alembic environment, and gitignore fix

Configures stable constraint naming so autogeneration produces clean diffs.
Alembic uses the sync psycopg driver while the runtime app uses asyncpg.

Also fixes a .gitignore bug caught during this task: the bare 'models/'
rule for the ML weights volume was matching backend/app/models/ (Python
package). Anchored all volume rules to repo root (/images/, /import/,
/downloads/, /models/, /postgres_data/, /redis_data/).

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.7 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>

alembic/script.py.mako

@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+"""${message}
+
+Revision ID: ${up_revision}
+Revises: ${down_revision | comma,n}
+Create Date: ${create_date}
+
+"""
+from typing import Sequence, Union
+
+from alembic import op
+import sqlalchemy as sa
+${imports if imports else ""}
+
+revision: str = ${repr(up_revision)}
+down_revision: Union[str, None] = ${repr(down_revision)}
+branch_labels: Union[str, Sequence[str], None] = ${repr(branch_labels)}
+depends_on: Union[str, Sequence[str], None] = ${repr(depends_on)}
+
+
+def upgrade() -> None:
+    ${upgrades if upgrades else "pass"}
+
+
+def downgrade() -> None:
+    ${downgrades if downgrades else "pass"}